Chamber Orchestra |

Chamber Orchestra – an orchestra of a small composition, the core of which is an ensemble of performers on strings. instruments (6-8 violins, 2-3 violas, 2-3 cellos, double bass). VC. about. the harpsichord often enters, which, along with cellos, double bass, and often bassoons, takes part in the performance of the bass general. Sometimes in K. about. the spirit is turned on. instruments. In the 17-18 centuries. such orchestras (unlike church or opera ones) were used to perform concerti grossi, concertos with solo instruments, conc. symphony, orc. suites, serenades, divertissements, etc. Then they did not bear the name “K. about.”. This term came into use only in the 20th century. TO. o., as well as large and small, are independent. orchestra type. The revival of K. about. largely due to the growing interest in preclassical. and early classic. music, in particular to the work of I. C. Bach, and with the desire to reproduce its true sound. The basis of the repertoire of the majority of K. about. make up the production A. Corelli, T. Albinoni A. Vivaldi, G. F. Telemana, I. C. Bach G. F. Handel, W. A. Mozart and others. An important role was also played by interest in K. about. modern composers, due to the desire to find adequate means for the embodiment of the muses. ideas of the “small plan”, a reaction to the “super-orchestra” that had grown to gigantic proportions at the beginning of the 20th century. (R. Strauss, G. Mahler, I. F. Stravinsky) and a craving for the economy of music. means, the revival of polyphony. TO. about. 20 in. characteristic means. freedom, irregularity, as if an accident of the composition, each time determined by one or another art. by design. Under modern TO. about. often imply composition, in Krom, as in a chamber ensemble, each instr. the party is represented preim. one soloist. Sometimes K. about. limited to strings only. tools (I. AP Rääts, Concerto for chamber orchestra, op. 16, 1964). In cases where the spirit also enters it. tools, its composition can vary from several. soloists (P. Hindemith, Chamber Music No 3, op. 36, for cello obligato and 10 solo instruments, 1925) up to 20-30 performers (A. G. Schnittke, 2nd concerto for violin and chamber orchestra, 1970; D. D. Shostakovich, 14th symphony for soprano, bass and chamber orchestra, op. 135, 1971), without reaching, however, the completeness of the composition of the small symphony. orchestra. The boundaries between K. about. and chamber ensemble are rather vague. At 20 in. for K. about. write essays in a variety of genres. Among the modern hem. orchestras: K. about. under ex. AT. Stross (Germany, organized in 1942), Stuttgart K. about. under ex. K. Münchinger (Germany, 1946), Vienna Chamber Ensemble of Early Music “Musica anticua” under dir. B. Klebel (Austria), “Virtuosi of Rome” under dir. R. Fasano (1947), Chamber Orchestra of Zagreb Radio and Television (1954), Chamber Orchestra “Clarion Concerts” (USA, 1957), Chamber Orchestra conducted by. A. Brotta (Canada) and others. TO. about. are available in many major cities of the USSR: Moscow K. about. under ex. R. B. Barshaya (1956), K. about. Moscow Conservatory under the control. M. H. Teriana (1961), Leningradsky K. about. under ex. L. М. Gozman (1961), Kyiv K. about. under ex. AND. AND. Blazhkov (1961), K. about. Lithuanian State Philharmonic under the direction C.

References: Ginzburg L., Rabey V., Moscow Chamber Orchestra, in: Mastery of a Performing Musician, vol. 1, M., 1972; Raaben L., Leningrad Chamber Orchestras, in: Music and Life. Music and musicians of Leningrad, L., 1972; Quittard H., L’orchestre des concerts de chambre au XVII-e sícle, “ZIMG”, Jahrg. XI, 1909-10; Rrunières H., La musique de la chambre et de l’écurie sous le rigne de François, 1-er, “L’anné musicale”, I, 1911; otd. ed., R., 1912; Сuсue1 G., Etudes sur un orchestre au XVIII-e sícle, P., 1913; Wellesz, E., Die neue Instrumentation, Bd 1-2, B., 1928-29; Carse A., The orchestra in the XVIIIth century, Camb., 1940, 1950; Rincherle, M., L’orchestre de chambre, P., 1949; Paumgartner B., Das instrumentalen Ensemble, Z., 1966.

I. A. Barsova