Camerton |

German Kammerton, from Kammer – room and Ton – sound

1) Initially – the normal pitch used to tune instruments when playing chamber music.

2) The sound source, which is a curved and fixed in the middle of a metal. a rod whose ends are free to oscillate. Serves as a standard for pitch when setting up music. instruments and singing. Usually use K. in tone a1 (la of the first octave). Singers and choir. conductors also use K. in tone c2. There are also chromatic K., the branches of which are equipped with mobile weights and fluctuate with a variable frequency depending on the location of the weights. The reference oscillation frequency a1 at the time of K.’s invention in 1711 Eng. musician J. Shore was 419,9 hertz (839,8 simple oscillations per second). Subsequently, it gradually increased in the middle. 19th century reached the department countries up to 453-456 hertz. In con. 18th century on the initiative of the composer and conductor J. Sarti, who worked in St. Petersburg, a “Petersburg tuning fork” with a frequency of a1 = 436 hertz was introduced in Russia. In 1858, the Paris Academy of Sciences proposed the so-called. normal K. with a frequency a1 = 435 hertz (i.e., almost the same as St. Petersburg). In 1885 at the Intern. conference in Vienna, this frequency was adopted as an international. the standard of pitch and received the name. music building. In Russia, from 1 Jan. 1936 there is a standard with a frequency a1 = 440 hertz.