Phonogram archive |

Phonogram archive – an institution specializing in the collection and storage of original phonographic. records, research base. works in the field of folklore, linguistics, compare. musicology and other scientific. disciplines related to the decoding, study and publication of phonographic. records. F.’s creation was promoted by wide circulation from a horse. 19th century phonographic records in scientific purposes, the need for their centralization. Initially, F. were intended to store wax phonographs recorded using a phonograph. rollers. With the development of new types of sound recording, phonographs began to be replenished with other types of sound recordings (magnetic tapes and gramophone discs).

Most means. foreign faculties: the faculties of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Phonogrammarchiv der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften), founded in 1899 in Vienna on the initiative of Z. Exner.

F. at the Berlin Psychological. institute (Phonogrammarchiv am psychologischen Institut), founded in 1900 on the initiative of K. Stumpf. In 1906-33 E. von Hornbostel was its leader. It contains the richest collection of music recordings. folklore of Asia, Africa and Lat. America. Collection of sound recordings of the Prussian National. libraries in Berlin (Lautabteilung der Preussischen Staatsbibliothek).

Music library of the Paris Anthropological Museum. ob-va (Musye phonétique de la Société d Anthropologie, since 1911 – Musée de la Parole), in which records made by A. Gilman are collected.

Archives of Folk and Primitive Music at the Research Center for Anthropology, Folklore and Linguistics (Indiana State University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA). Main in 1921.

In the USSR F. Nar. music was established in 1927 in Leningrad. It was based on a collection of phonographic recordings (528 rolls with 1700 songs recorded) made by E. V. Gippius and Z. V. Evald (with the participation of philologists A. M. Astakhova and N. P. Kolpakova) during expeditions to Russian. North (1926-30). In 1931 F. transferred to the system of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In 1932, all previous collections with a recording of muses were combined in it. folklore, including the Musical and Ethnographic Commission (collection of E.E. Lineva – 432 rollers with recordings of songs from the Novgorod, Vologda, Nizhny Novgorod, Vladimir and Poltava provinces, folklore of the peoples of Yugoslavia), the collection of the Museum of Russian. nar. songs to them. ME Pyatnitsky (400 rollers), the hymn library (100 rollers), the library of the library of the USSR Academy of Sciences, as well as the institutes of Oriental Studies, Linguistics, the Museum of Ethnography of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Leningrad. conservatories, etc. Since 1938 F. (Central Ethnomusicological Academy of Sciences of the USSR) – an auxiliary department of the Institute of Rus. Literature of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Pushkin House, Leningrad). In his collection (occupying one of the first places among the world’s folklore phonorepositories) there are approx. 70 thousand entries (as of 1979), including folklore of more than 100 nationalities of the USSR and abroad. countries in the records since 1894 (the most significant collection is Russian).

Based on the materials of F. were published: Songs of Pinezhya, book. 2, Materials of the Phonogram Archive, collected and developed by E. V. Gippius and Z. V. Ewald, under the general editorship of. E. V. Gippius. Moscow, 1937; Epics of the North, vol. 1, Mezen and Pechora. Recordings, intro. Art. and comment. A. M. Astakhova, M.-L., 1938; Folk songs of the Vologda region. Sat. phonographic records, ed. E. V. Gippius and Z. V. Evald. Leningrad, 1938; Belarusian folk songs, ed. Z. V. Ewald. M.-L., 1941; Russian folk songs recorded in Leningrad. region, ed. A. M. Astakhova and F. A. Rubtsova. L.-M., 1950; Mari folk songs, ed. V. Koukalya, L.-M., 1951; Songs of the Pechora, ed. N. P. Kolpakova, F. V. Sokolov, B. M. Dobrovolsky, M.-L., 1963; Song folklore of Mezen, ed. N. P. Kolpakova, B. M. Dobrovolsky, V. V. Korguzalov, V. V. Mitrofanov. Leningrad, 1967; Songs and Tales of Pushkin’s Places. Folklore of the Gorky region, ed. V. I. Eremina, V. N. Morokhin, M. A. Lobanova, vol. 1, L., 1979.

References: Paskhalov V., On the issue of phonographic recording of songs and the central song library, in the book: Proceedings of the HYMN. Sat. Works of the Ethnographic Section, vol. 1, M., 1926; Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Sat., (vol. 1), L., 1933, p. 195-98; “Soviet Ethnography”, 1935, No 2, 3; Minchenko A., Central phono-photo-film archive of the USSR, “Archive business”, 1935, No 3 (36); Gippius E. V., Phonogram-archive of the Folklore Section of the Institute of Anthropology, Ethnography and Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, in the collection: Soviet folklore No 4-5, M.-L., 1936; Magid SD, List of collections of the phonogram-archive of the Folklore Section of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the USSR Academy of Sciences, ibid.; 50 years of the Pushkin House, M.-L., 1956 (ch. – Folk art); Katalog der Tonbandaufnahmen… des Phonogrammarchives der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaft in Wien, W., 1960 (with a preface by F. Wild on the history of the creation of F. and a list of publications of the Vienna F. for 1900-1960, No No 1-80).

A. T. Tevosyan