Natural scale |

The natural harmonic scale is a series of partial tones arranged in ascending order, that is, the main. tones and overtones, overtones osn. tones arising from the fact that the sounding body (string, column of air, etc.) oscillates not only as a whole, but also in parts (1/3, 1/3, 1/4, etc.) . Overtones are not perceived as independent. sounds; they sound one with the main. tone, and depending on the nature of the sound source and the space of the instrument, the predominance of certain overtones determines the coloring and timbre of the sound. The ratio of the oscillation frequency of partial tones N. h. expressed by a natural series of numbers; in order for these numbers to correspond to the ordinal number of overtones, main. tone N. h. conventionally considered the first overtone:

Partial tones, enclosed in brackets in the example, within their zone differ somewhat in vibration frequency from the same sounds of a tempered system; sounds marked with a minus are lower, and with a plus are higher than the corresponding sounds of the temperament scale. Six lower tones N. h. are part of the major triad, determining its acoustic. consonance. This shows that the laws of the combination of sounds in harmony are inherent in the very nature of the formation of sound; it serves as a physical basis of all music. systems.

Wind instruments, with the help of blowing, achieved by changing the tension of the labial muscles and the force of air blowing, without the use of valves and other devices that change the length of the air column, make it possible to extract real sounds, which together form a semblance of complete or incomplete (depending on the size and design of the instrument) AD – a number of their natural sounds.

V. A. Vakhromeev