Musical awards |

Musical awards – awards given to figures of muses. art-va – composers, performers, musicologists, critics, instr. masters, teachers, etc. for individual outstanding works or for a combination of creative. achievements. P. are awarded on the basis of the results of specially established competitions (see Competitions), as well as by decision of governments. institutions, various music ob-in, account. institutions, t-ditch, publishing houses, etc.; in the capitalist countries – private individuals, philanthropists. Great distribution of music. Items were obtained in the 19th and 20th centuries, when in a number of countries they began to create various. about-va and funds for the purpose of encouragement of young musicians. Most often they arose in Germany; As a rule, they bore the names of major composers—F. Mendelssohn, W. A. ​​Mozart, J. Meyerbeer, R. Wagner, and others. Rimskaya P. in Paris, and the Beethoven P. and P. P. im. Paderevsky in the USA, Glinkin’s P. in Russia, later – Roman P. in Belgium (modeled on Paris), Mendelssohn scholarship in the UK, P. im. Schubert, J.S. Bach, L. Beethoven, L. Spohr in decomp. cities of Germany, etc. The tradition of appropriation of P. izdat. firms for the best op. certain genre; yes, from con. 19th century publishing house “Ricordi” (Italy) awards P. for operatic music. In the USA among significant — P. to them. Pulitzer, them. J. Gershwin, them. C. Ditson, the Ford and Guggenheim Foundations, and others. After World War II (2–1939), a number of recording studios were established in the field of recording, both artistic and technical. works awarded by special intl. jury in many European countries, USA and Japan.

In the USSR, the Lenin Prize (since 1957) and the State Prize of the USSR (1940-52 and since 1967) are awarded for the highest achievements in the field of music. Resp. Gos. P. Achievements of musicians in all unions and mn. autonomous republics of the USSR: Azerbaijan. SSR (named after U. Hajibekova, c. 1966), Arm. SSR (named after A. Khachaturyan — for composers, and named after A. Danielyan — for performers, 1965), BSSR (1966), Georgia. SSR (named after Sh. Rustaveli, 1965), Kazakh. SSR (named after K. Baiseitovoy and named after Kurmangazy, 1965), Kirg. SSR (named after Toktogula Satylganova, 1966), Latv. SSR (1957), Lit. SSR (1957), Mold. SSR (1965), RSFSR (named after M. I. Glinki, 1965), Taj. SSR (im. Rudaki, 1963), Turkm. SSR (named after Makhtumkuli, 1966), Uzb. SSR (named after Hamzy, 1964), USSR (named after T. G. Shevchenko, 1961), Est. SSR (1957), Tat. ASSR (named after G. Tukaya, 1958), Yakut. ASSR (1966) and others. Prisuzhdatus also P. Central Committee of the VLKSM and Central Committee of the Komsomol of the Union Republics, Central Committee of the USSR and others. Decisions on awarding Gos. P. are published in the center, resp. and the regional stamp for the anniversary of the October Revolution of 1917.

In other socialist. countries P. musicians are awarded state. and societies. organizations (in Bulgaria – P. named after G. Dimitrov, in Hungary – L. Kossuth, in the GDR – Nats. P., etc.).

MM Yakovlev