Introductory tone |

Introductory tone – an unstable sound of a mode, located a second lower or higher than the first step and gravitating towards it. The sound of the seventh degree, as adjacent to the first degree from below, is called the lower V. t .; sound of the second stage – respectively, the upper one. V. t. have the most intense melodic. inclination to the main sound of the mode, especially V. t., spaced from it by a small second down (in natural and harmonic major and harmonic minor, this is the sound of the VII degree – lat. subsemitonium modi, German Leitton, French note sensible – “sensitive note”, English leading note). The lower V. t. is the third chord of the 13th degree and has a dominant function. By “introductory tone” is often meant specific. the sharpness of a few-second, half-tone gravity. As the identification and exacerbation of the potential “introductory tone” can be considered any melodic. alteration, creating, as it were, artificial chromatic. V. t. One of the characteristic features of major and minor, with the development of which the history of V. t. is connected, is its resolution. Asafiev called V. t. the “verb” of Europe. fret. The maturation of the elements of major and minor in Europe. prof. music was expressed, in particular, in the emergence of the V. t. music steps. scale (originally in connection with the transposition of the so-called church modes – musica ficta, 16-15 centuries). characteristic melodic. and harmonic. revolutions with V. t., entrenched in the 16-17 centuries. in cadences, with the establishment of the dominance of the major-minor system in the 19-XNUMX centuries. began to be applied outside the cadence. The transition from one lower V. t. with its resolution to another in the classical. ladoharmonic. system usually referred to signs of modulation or deviation. In the era of romanticism, there is an accumulation of intratonal input tone of alteration origin. E. Kurt introduced the concept of a “free tone group” (freie Leittoneinstellung according to X. Erpf) to denote the simultaneous combination of several. sounds that are V. t. in relation to the resolution chord (for example, des-f-as-h-dis-fis to the C-dur tonic, “adjacent” sounds in Russian terminology by I. V. Sposobina).

Yu. N. Kholopov